FACTS ABOUT THE MANHOOD.


  1. The word “penis” is from the Latin meaning “tail.” The plural of penis is penises or penes. The word “phallus” is sometimes used to mean “penis,” but traditionally it is used to describe images or symbols of the penis.h
  2. Alternate words for “penis” include Adolph, anaconda, baby-maker, baloney pony, bell on a pole, cock, chopper, cum gun, deep V diver, dick, ding-a-ling, disco stick, Excalibur, fuck pole, jimmy, joy stick, love muscle, meat stick, pink cigar, pork sword, prick, skin flute, spit stick, third leg, trouser snake, wang, wick, yard, yogurt gun, and many more.h
  3. penis facts The largest penis in the world belongs to the blue whale
  4. The blue whale has the largest penis of any animal, typically measuring between 8 and 10 feet long with a girth from 12 to 14 inches. Its testes weigh between 100-150 pounds and can ejaculate over 35 pints.h
  5. Most mammals have a bone called the baculum or os penis in the penis, but it is absent in humans and horses. Although there are no bones in a human penis, a man can still suffer from penile fracture, which is when the thick membrane surrounding the erectile tissue tears. There is usually a “cracking” sound, an immediate loss of erection, and a great deal of pain. In extreme cases, the urethra can be damaged, which affects the ability to urinate.g
  6. Though an adult chimpanzee is significantly smaller than an adult gorilla, it has a penis about double that of the gorilla. An adult gorilla’s penis is about 1.5 inches (4 cm) in length.a
  7. The human penis is larger than that of any other primate, both in terms of proportion to body size and in absolute terms.h
  8. Domestic cats have barbed penises. They have about 120 to 150 one-millimeter-long spines that point backwards. When the penis withdraws from the female cat, the spines rake along the vagina, triggering ovulation.h
  9. Male canines are the only animals that have a locking bulbus glandis at the base of the penis. When the penis is fully inside the female, the glandis becomes engorged with blood. When the female’s vagina contracts, the penis becomes locked inside the female, which is also known as “tying” or “knotting.”h
  10. Doctors can use the foreskins of circumcised infants to grow skin for burn victims. Just one foreskin can create 23,000 square meters of skin.a
  11. A hard-shelled sea creature named Colymbosathon ecplecticos is the oldest known species with a penis. Its name means “amazing swimmer with large penis” in Greek.a
  12. Only one man in 400 is flexible enough to give himself oral sex.h
  13.   There are two kinds of penises: a grower and a shower
  14. There are two kinds of penises: 1) a grower, which expands and lengthens when erect and 2) a shower, which looks big most of the time, but doesn’t get much bigger after an erection. Approximately 79% of men have growers and 21% have showers. In other words, a man whose has a small flaccid penis might have a surprising big erection. Conversely, a man with a big, limp penis might not get a significantly larger erection.f
  15. King Fatefehi of Tonga most likely has the penis with the most action. He supposedly deflowered 37,800 women from 1770-1784, or about 7 women a day.a
  16. There is a penis museum in Iceland.h
  17. The average erect penis size is between 5-6 inches. A flaccid penis is around 3.5 inches.b
  18. A bottle-nosed dolphin named Freddie was known to tow bathers through the water by hooking his large penis around them.p
  19. In a condition called Diphallus, males are born with two penises. Usually, only one penis is fully formed and semi-functional. This condition affects about 100 men worldwide.b
  20. A condition called “Koro” or “penis panic” is a type of mass hysteria in which men believe their penises are vanishing. It’s more common in Africa and the Far East.b
  21. Squirrel monkeys and male baboons will gesture with an erect penis as a threat to predators or as a sign of impending danger.h
  22. The adult male elephant has the largest penis of any land animal at 6 feet on average. It is S-shaped when fully erect.h
  23. Most marsupials have a bifurcated penis, which corresponds to the female’s two vaginas. Male echidnas have marsupials beat with their four-head penises.h
  24. smoking Smoking can decrease penis size
  25. Smoking can shorten the penis by up to a centimeter. Because smoking calcifies blood vessels, it can impede erectile circulation, which create erections.a
  26. Men who have been hanged often get a “death erection” also known as "angel lust."b
  27. A man will ejaculate on average of 7,200 times during his lifetime. The average number of times he will ejaculate from masturbation is 2,000. The average speed of ejaculation is 28 miles per hour.b
  28. Globally, approximately 30% of men over 15 years old have been circumcised, according to a 2007 WHO report. However, nearly all Jewish and Muslim males in the world are circumcised and make up 70% of all circumcised men in the world.f
  29. Approximately 80% of American men are circumcised.h
  30. Women prefer big penises, but not too big. In fact, the returns of a bigger penis start to decline after a flaccid length of 2.99 inches (7.6 cm). However, larger penises were only more attractive on taller men with narrow hips and broad shoulders (V-shaped)–and not for shorter men. In other words, if a man is short and pear shaped, a large penis will not increase his attractiveness.l
  31. Studies show that women who orgasm through vaginal stimulation were pickier about penis size than other women.l
  32. The smallest natural human penis ever recorded was 5/8 of an inch. The longest erect penis on record is 13 inches.k
  33. A man has an average of 11 erections per day. He has around 9 erections at night.q
  34. The signal to ejaculate does not come from a man’s brain—rather, it is sent from his spinal cord.q
  35. To maintain a healthy tone, the penis needs to have erections regularly. Without regular erections, penile tissue can become less elastic and shrink, up to 1-2 centimeters. However, the brain has an “automatic penis maintenance” function. Brain impulses cause erections during REM sleep. For some men who are physically unable to have an erection, due to nerve trauma or blood vessel damage, they can use a device like a vacuum pump that causes the penis to swell with blood.f
  36. Most men report that the underside of the glans (head) of the penis and the underside of the shaft is the most sensitive to sexual pleasure, followed by the upper side of the glans.f
  37. Vibrators are not just for vaginas—they work on penises too and can even help men with spinal cord injuries ejaculate. For this treatment, a medical vibrator is held against the underside of the head of the penis.f
  38. The penis is actually almost twice as long as men think they are. This is because half of the penis is inside the body. The root of the penis is inside the pelvis and attached to the pubic bone. In fact, an erect penis is shaped like a boomerang.f
  39. There are at least 42 kinds of bacteria living on the skin of the penis. However, circumcised penises have fewer bacteria. In fact, circumcision has been linked to lower risk of getting HIV and other diseases.f
  40. A fish with a large penis on its head was recently discovered in Vietnam. The penis has a rod and jagged hook used for grabbing the female during sex. Although its scientific name is Phallostethus cuulong, its nickname is “penis head.”j
  41. The U.S. ranks 18th in terms of average erect human male penis length, at 5.1 inches. North and South Korea rank last at 3.8 inches, while the Republic of Congo is first at 7.1 inches.i
  42. A 49-year-old man in L.A. underwent a 13-hour operation to remove his testicles, which had grown to the size of a pogo ball and weighed over 140 pounds. The surgery, however, left him with a 1-inch penis. He said his testicles grew so large in 2008 when he squished them while he slept.o
  43. condom HIV Globally, only 5% of men wear condoms
  44. Worldwide, only 5% of men wear condoms during sex. There are 2.5 million new HIV infections a year.d
  45. Masturbation has also been called adjusting the antenna, charming the snake, and fiddling the flesh flute. According to Men’s Health, men report masturbating around 12 times per month.h  
  46. Eight-five percent of women are satisfied with the penis size of their partners, although only 55% of guys like their size. About 90% of women prefer a wide penis to a long one.i
  47. Most sex toy injuries that result in an ER trip are minor; however, some sex toy injuries have resulted in such things as erectile dysfunction, penile skin loss, an urethrocutaneous fistula (permanent hole in the penis), or penile amputation.g
  48. In one year, it is estimated that 600 men will go to the ER for sex toy injuries, including injuries to both the penis and the anus. Thousands more go unreported.g
  49. A “cock ring” is a constriction device that is placed around the penis alone, around both the penis and scrotum, or around the scrotum alone (“testicle cuff”). Its aim is to restrict the flow of blood from the penis or scrotum to make an erection last longer. They are also called “tension rings” and “erection rings.” They can help men who battle performance anxiety and erectile dysfunction. Metal rings are typically considered safer than elastic rings.g
  50. The man with the record for the most ejaculations in one day is Azael, a porn actor. He had 11 ejaculations during a 24-hour period while recording a test tape for a later video he planned to make.k
  51. The man who holds the record for the farthest ejaculation is Horst Schultz, who ejaculated 18.7 feet (5.71 meters). An unnamed female holds the record for a female ejaculation at 9.8 feet (3 meters).k
  52. A 40-year-old man holds the record for the most ejaculations/orgasms without losing an erection. He had six orgasms with full ejaculations, all within 36 minutes. He was alone in a room looking at porn videos and magazines while he filled 6 of the 8 cups he was given. He said he has no special technique—he was just born with the talent.k
  53. The man with the most simultaneous orgasms on film was Dave Hardman. He was documented having five orgasms in a row in the video called Elegant Angel’s Gangbang Angels 5.k
  54. In 2003, the Guilin Latex Company made the world’s largest condom. The condom was 260 feet (80 meters) tall and 330 feet (100 meters) around. It was made from yellow PVC and put on a hotel in Cuilin, China, to help promote World Population Day.k
  55. In 1954, a man ejaculated 15 ml of fluid. The average amount a man releases is 3.2 ml.k
  56. Mo Ka Wang from Hong Kong lifted 250 pounds two feet off the ground with his penis in 1995.k
  57. Having sex at least once a week can lower a man’s risk of heart disease by 30%, stroke by 50%, and diabetes by 40%. Men with an active sex life are also more likely to live past 80 years.f
  58. The ancient Romans thought that penile hardness was directly linked to what a person ate, and that the shape, color, and flavor of certain foods impacted one’s sex life. Consequently, root vegetables such as carrots became instant symbols of strength of libidos.m
  59. During the Inquisition, women were executed for “knowledge of Satan’s penis.”  For example, in 1600, Anna Pappenheimer had her breasts torn off with heated pincers and rubbed in the faces of her sons, and then she was burned alive. The Malleus Maleficarum, the definitive guide for witch hunters (1486), wrote of women who stole dozens of penises, then hid them in a tree where they lived like birds in a nest.g
  60. During the Middle ages, men walked around in a codpiece, an often brightly colored covering for the penis in men’s breaches. It was padded and molded in the shape of a permanent erection. King Henry VIII had the largest codpiece in England.h
  61. Before Western Christianity, the pagans viewed the penis as a variety of things: an icon of creativity, the link between the human and the sacred, and an agent of bodily and spiritual ecstasy.h
  62. Poetry from the 3rd millennium B.C. in Iraq identifies that the creative force of the world was Enki or, more accurately, Enki’s penis. His penis dug the world’s first irrigation ditches, created rivers, and invented human sexual reproduction. After he fathered the first human baby, he exulted: “Now let my penis be praised!”h
  63. The ancient Egyptian god Atum declared, “I created on my own every being. My fist became my spouse. I copulated with my hand.” His penis created all life, divine and mortal, through this act of sacred masturbation.h
  64. In ancient Egypt, the penis was so potent that it defeated death. Osiris, in fact, flaunted his virility in the Underworld as King, declaring in the Book of the Dead: “I am Osiris, stiff of penis, I am mightier than the Lord Terror; I copulate and I have power over myriads.”h
  65. For ancient Hebrews, circumcision and the relationship it established among man, his penis, and God was a divinely mandated sign of affiliation with the Almighty and themselves. Every Israelite man had to be circumcised on the 8th day of life.h
  66. Ancient Greeks were horrified by the Hebrew practice of circumcision. Antiochus Epiphanies, a descendent of one of Alexander the Great’s greatest generals, for example, ruled that the rabbis who performed circumcision should be stoned or fed to wild dogs. Mothers who permitted their sons to become circumcised were “garroted, their strangled infants strung about their necks, and then hanged upon crosses as terrible warnings to others.”h
  67. The penis of the Hindu god Siva is a key player in so much of that religion’s sacred works that a book on Hindu aesthetics declares that Siva riding on a bull must be portrayed with an erection reaching his navel. Buddha was said to have a retractable member resembling a horse.h
  68. There is no discussion of God’s penis in the Old Testament because the Hebrew God had no body. Instead, the focus is on the human penis, which was spiritualized by God.h
  69. Jesus Temple An emasculated man was not allowed in ancient Jewish temples
  70. The Old Testament says, “He whose testicles are crushed or whose male member is cut off shall not enter the assembly of the Lord.” Rabbis had to show those parts were in working order before they could lead a temple.h
  71. Among ancient tribes it was not unusual for a new king to eat the penis of his predecessor to absorb his sacred authority. This practice was banned, however, by ancient Hebrews.h
  72. An erect penis symbolized Athenian power. The Greeks, in fact, saw the penis as a measure of a man’s proximity to divine power and intelligence. Plato located the divine in humans inside the spinal marrow, the same substance from which he believed both the brain and semen were formed.h
  73. While the Greeks glorified the penis, they actually preferred a small, thin penis as on an adolescent exercising at the gymnasium. Greek artists showed their contempt for foreigners and slaves by depicting them with large penises. The Romans, however, respected and coveted large penises.h
  74. The murals that were preserved in Pompeii are notable in that they depict a high number of penises.h
  75. While a male whose testicles are removed or rendered inoperative after puberty loses the ability to produce sperm and a natural appetite for intercourse, he may still have the ability to have an erection. This made certain men known as castrati, such as opera singer Farinelli (1705-1782), a favorite among bored, wealthy housewives.h
  76. One medieval cure for impotence included mixing the steeped brains of 30 male sparrows, the grease surrounding the kidneys of a freshly killed Billy goat, and as much honey as needed. A man was then supposed to eat it before intercourse.h
  77. Most medieval theologians argued that semen was evil. Tomas Aquinas, for example, said that God gave the Devil greater “power of bewitchment” over the penis than any other human organ.h
  78. Guardians of the harem beds in great Muslim empires were required to be “shaved,” which meant having both the testicles and penis removed.h
  79. Because it was believed that a strong Roman penis built a strong Roman empire (especially with life expectancy at only 25 years), Romans celebrated a son’s first ejaculation as part of a state holiday, the Liberalia.h
  80. While the Greeks accepted and glorified pederasty, to the Romans the idea that manly virtue was transmitted to young boys by anal penetration was unthinkable. A Roman penetrated others with his penis—he was never penetrated by someone else’s penis. A man who had this happen to him endured muliebria pati, “a woman’s experience.” That man was no longer a man or would never become a man.h
  81. The Latin word for bullet was glans, which meant “head of penis.” In fact,  Roman sling bullets often had lurid inscription written on them, comparing their use to acts of rape.h
  82. The penis has been deified by pagan cultures, demonized by the early Roman church, secularized by early anatomists such as Leonardo da Vinci, psychoanalyzed by Freud, politicized by feminists, exploited by popular culture, and medicalized by physicians.h
  83. One French stand-up comedian and illustrator once said, “My penis doesn’t like the same women I do!”q
  84. In 1994, Virginian housewife Lorena Bobbitt cut off her then-husband’s penis. His penis was reattached and he starred in a porn moved called John Wayne Bobbitt Uncut. He also starred in Frankenpenis and started a band called “Severed Parts.”n
  85. It takes around 130 ml of blood for a penis to stiffen. The circulation rate must be very high at 2 ml per second. The small arteries, with a diameter of around 0.5 mm when the penis is resting, will double their diameter to convey the blood.q
  86. While some Renaissance artists depicted Jesus as being uncircumcised (even though his circumcision is chronicled in the Gospels), at the same time, in a age that prized religious relics, the most p rized relic was Jesus’ foreskin.h
  87.   Leonardo da Vinci declared that men should be proud to show their penises
  88. The Greeks thought that erections were “inflated by the wind.” However, after dissecting hanged men who had erections, Leonardo da Vinci discovered  that erections were caused by blood.h
  89. Leonardo da Vinci once noted, “A man who is ashamed to show or name the penis is wrong. Instead of being anxious to hide it, man ought to display it.”h
  90. For medieval Europeans, women were incomplete because they lacked a penis. Mammalian ovaries were useless ornaments. The sole function of the female sex was to receive and nourish a complete male seed.h
  91. To curb masturbation or “self-pollution” some physicians would pull the foreskin forward and sew, tie, or pin it shut. Other physicians used straitjackets or gloves; others encased penises in metal cages, spiked rings, or plaster casts. Other practitioners applied leeches to the penis as late as the 18th and 19th centuries.h
  92. Kellogg’s corn flakes and Graham crackers were originally invented to curb masturbation. Sylvester Graham and John Kellogg thought the problem of masturbating could be solved by keeping body heat out of the penis by monitoring food.h
  93. Dr. W.F. Morgan of the New York Medical Times argued in the 19th century that eating watermelon caused natural excitement of the penis, “a fact that is fully appreciated,” he wrote, “by our colored brethren.”h
  94. During the 15th and 19th centuries, scientists noted that the penis in the “Negro is very large.” Scientists used this notion to prove the intellectual superiority and civilized status of Caucasians by arguing that the “Negro’s larger penis proves his intellectual inferiority and innate savagery.”h
  95. Dr. William Lee Howard in the journal Medicine noted in the late 19th century that “there can never be mutually beneficial relations between the Caucasian and the African” because such a bond is prevented by their “great sexual differences.” He continued that because the genital organs are “enormously developed in Africans, the sexual centers in his [cerebral] cortex are correspondingly enlarged.”h
  96. Freud For Freud, the penis was the ultimate symbol
  97. No one has written more on the penis in the creation of individual psyches, family dynamics, societal norms, gender roles, art, religion, etc., than Freud. The bedrock of his theories often rest on penis envy and castration anxiety. In fact, Freud saw the penis as the key to unlocking one’s own history and the history of the entire human race.h
  98. Some modern researchers claim that the penis “thrusts” inside a woman’s vagina not to stimulate a woman, but to remove a competitor’s sperm. This explains why the penis is shaped like a piston. It is strait and thick, topped with a smooth, acorn-shaped gland, so it can “push, pull, suck, push, pull, suck.”h
  99. An estimated 30 million Americans struggle with erectile dysfunction.q
  100. A “micropenis” is a term used by researchers to refer to penis fewer than 2.8 inches in length when stretched. The condition affects only 0.6% of men, or 6 in 1000 men. It is caused by inadequate testosterone at a late stage of fetal development.q
  101. According to condom manufacturers, only 6% of the world’s population of men needs an extra-large sized condom.c
  102. Penises are generally darker than the body from which they hang.c
  103. The penis stops growing when a man is in his early 20s.c
  104. Men actually do get “blue balls,” which is technically called “prostatic congestion.” It is caused by trapped blood. A warm shower, aspirin, or an orgasm usually will relieve the achiness.c
  105. The line or “seam” on the underside of the penis forms when the fetus is still in the uterus. In men, the seam encloses the urethra along the length of the penis. In women, the seam becomes the inner lips of the vagina.c
  106. Every year, Kawasaki, Japan holds a penis festival called the Kanamara Matsuri. This Shinto fertility festival includes a giant 2.5 meter wooden penis carried by locals, phallus-shaped tokens, and suggestively carved vegetables.RANDOMHISTORY.

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Sandhurst's sheikhs: Why do so many Gulf royals receive military training in the UK? A parade outside the building at Sandhurst Continue reading the main story In today's Magazine The death list that names 5,000 victims Is this woman an apostate? Voices from a WW1 prison camp The Swiss selfie scandal Generations of foreign royals - particularly from the Middle East - have learned to be military leaders at the UK's Sandhurst officer training academy. But is that still a good idea, asks Matthew Teller. Since 1812, the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst, on the Surrey/Berkshire border, has been where the British Army trains its officers. It has a gruelling 44-week course testing the physical and intellectual skills of officer cadets and imbuing them with the values of the British Army. Alongside would-be British officers, Sandhurst has a tradition of drawing cadets from overseas. Many of the elite families of the Middle East have sent their sons and daughters. Perhaps the most notable was King Hussein of Jordan. Continue reading the main story Find out more Matthew Teller presents Sandhurst and the Sheikhs, a Whistledown production for BBC Radio 4, on Wednesday 27 August 2014 at 11:00 BST It will be available on iPlayer shortly after broadcast Four reigning Arab monarchs are graduates of Sandhurst and its affiliated colleges - King Abdullah of Jordan, King Hamad of Bahrain, Sheikh Tamim, Emir of Qatar, and Sultan Qaboos of Oman. Past monarchs include Sheikh Saad, Emir of Kuwait, and Sheikh Hamad, Emir of Qatar. Sandhurst's links have continued from the time when Britain was the major colonial power in the Gulf. "One thing the British were excellent at was consolidating their rule through spectacle," says Habiba Hamid, former foreign policy strategist to the rulers of Dubai and Abu Dhabi. "Pomp, ceremony, displays of military might, shock and awe - they all originate from the British military relationship." Sheikh Hamad Bin Isa Al Khalifa, King Abdullah, Sultan Qaboos Sandhurst alumni: King Hamad of Bahrain, King Abdullah of Jordan and Sultan Qaboos of Oman It's a place where future leaders get to know each other, says Michael Stephens, deputy director of the Royal United Services Institute, Qatar. And Sandhurst gives the UK influence in the Gulf. "The [UK] gets the kind of attention from Gulf policy elites that countries of our size, like France and others, don't get. It gives us the ability to punch above our weight. "You have people who've spent time in Britain, they have… connections to their mates, their teachers. Familiarity in politics is very beneficial in the Gulf context." "For British people who are drifting around the world, as I did as a soldier," says Brigadier Peter Sincock, former defence attache to Saudi Arabia, "you find people who were at Sandhurst and you have an immediate rapport. I think that's very helpful, for example, in the field of military sales." The Emir of Dubai Mohammad bin Rashid Al Maktoum with his son after his Passing Out Parade at Sandhurst in 2006 Sheikh Mohammad bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Emir of Dubai, with his son in uniform at Sandhurst in 2006 Her Majesty The Queen's Representative His Highness Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al-Thani, The Emir of Qatar inspects soldiers during the 144th Sovereign's Parade held at The Royal Military Academy Sandhurst on April 8, 2004 in Camberley, England. Some 470 Officer cadets took part of which 219 were commissioned into the British Army Hamad bin Khalifa Al-Thani, the Emir of Qatar until 2013, inspects soldiers at Sandhurst in 2004 Emotion doesn't always deliver. In 2013, despite the personal intervention of David Cameron, the UAE decided against buying the UK's Typhoon fighter jets. But elsewhere fellow feeling is paying dividends. "The Gulf monarchies have become important sources of capital," says Jane Kinninmont, deputy head of the Middle East/North Africa programme at the foreign affairs think tank Chatham House. "So you see the tallest building in London being financed by the Qataris, you see UK infrastructure and oilfield development being financed by the UAE. There's a desire - it can even seem like a desperation - to keep them onside for trade reasons." British policy in the Gulf is primarily "mercantile", says Dr Kristian Coates Ulrichsen, of the Baker Institute in Houston, Texas. Concerns over human rights and reform are secondary. The Shard at dusk The Shard was funded by Qatari investors In 2012 Sandhurst accepted a £15m donation from the UAE for a new accommodation block, named the Zayed Building after that country's founding ruler. In March 2013, Sandhurst's Mons Hall - a sports centre - was reopened as the King Hamad Hall, following a £3m donation from the monarch of Bahrain, who was educated at one of Sandhurst's affiliated colleges. The renaming proved controversial, partly because of the perceived slight towards the 1,600 British casualties at the Battle of Mons in August 1914 - and partly because of how Hamad and his government have dealt with political protest in Bahrain over the last three years. A critic might note that the third term of Sandhurst's Officer Commissioning Course covers counter-insurgency techniques and ways to manage public disorder. Since tension between Bahrain's majority Shia population and minority Sunni ruling elite boiled over in 2011, more than 80 civilians have died at the hands of the security forces, according to opposition estimates, though the government disputes the figures. Thirteen police officers have also lost their lives in the clashes. "The king has always felt that Sandhurst was a great place," says Sincock, chairman of the Bahrain Society, which promotes friendship between the UK and Bahrain. "Something like 20 of his immediate family have been there as cadets. He didn't really understand why there was such an outcry." David Cameron and King Hamad David Cameron meeting King Hamad in 2012... A protester is held back by police ... while protesters nearby opposed the Bahrain ruler's human rights record Crispin Black, a Sandhurst graduate and former instructor, says the academy should not have taken the money. "Everywhere you look there's a memorial to something, a building or a plaque that serves as a touchstone that takes you right to the heart of British military history. Calling this hall 'King Hamad Hall' ain't gonna do that." Sandhurst gave a written response to the criticism. "All donations to Sandhurst are in compliance with the UK's domestic and international legal obligations and our values as a nation. Over the years donations like this have saved the UK taxpayer a considerable amount of money." But what happens when Sandhurst's friends become enemies? In 2001, then-prime minister Tony Blair visited Damascus, marking a warming of relations between the UK and Syria. Shortly after, in 2003, Sandhurst was training officers from the Syrian armed forces. Now, of course, Syria is an international pariah. Journalist Michael Cockerell has written about Libyan dictator Colonel Gaddafi's time at the Army School of Education in Beaconsfield in 1966: "Three years [later], Gaddafi followed a tradition of foreign officers trained by the British Army. He made use of his newfound knowledge to seize political power in his own country." Ahmed Ali Sandhurst-trained Ahmed Ali was a key player in the Egyptian military's removal of Islamist President Mohammed Morsi That tradition persists. In the 1990s Egyptian colonel Ahmed Ali attended Sandhurst. In 2013 he was one of the key figures in the Egyptian military's removal of Islamist President Mohammed Morsi, now rewarded by a post in President Sisi's inner circle of advisers. In the late 1990s there were moves by the British government under Tony Blair to end Sandhurst's training of overseas cadets. Major-General Arthur Denaro, Middle East adviser to the defence secretary and commandant at Sandhurst in the late 1990s, describes the idea as part of the "ethical foreign policy" advocated by the late Robin Cook, then-foreign secretary. Tony Blair and Robin Cook Tony Blair and Robin Cook at one point planned to end Sandhurst's training of overseas cadets The funeral of King Hussein in 1999 appears to have scuppered the plan. "Coming to that funeral were the heads of state of almost every country in the world - and our prime minister was there, Tony Blair," says Major-General Denaro. "He happened to see me talking to heads of state - the Sultan of Brunei, the Sultan of Oman, the Bahrainis, the Saudis - and he said 'How do you know all these guys?' The answer was because they went to Sandhurst." Today, Sandhurst has reportedly trained more officer cadets from the UAE than from any other country bar the UK. The May 2014 intake included 72 overseas cadets, around 40% of whom were from the Middle East. "In the future," says Maryam al-Khawaja, acting president of the Bahrain Centre for Human Rights, "people will look back at how much Britain messed up in the [Middle East] because they wanted to sell more Typhoon jets to Bahrain, rather than stand behind the values of human rights and democracy." "It's one thing saying we're inculcating benign values, but that's not happening," says Habiba Hamid. Sandhurst is "a relic of the colonial past. They're not [teaching] the civic values we ought to find in democratically elected leaders." line Who else went to Sandhurst? Princes William and Harry, Winston Churchill, Ian Fleming, Katie Hopkins, Antony Beevor, James Blunt, Josh Lewsey, Devon Harris (From left to right) Princes William and Harry Sir Winston Churchill Ian Fleming, creator of James Bond (but did not complete training) Katie Hopkins, reality TV star Antony Beevor, historian James Blunt, singer-songwriter Josh Lewsey, World Cup-winning England rugby player Devon Harris, member of Jamaica's first bobsleigh team line Sandhurst says that "building international relations through military exchanges and education is a key pillar of the UK's international engagement strategy". Sandhurst may be marvellous for the UK, a country where the army is subservient to government, but it is also delivering militarily-trained officers to Middle Eastern monarchies where, often, armies seem to exist to defend not the nation but the ruling family.

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